Amita Sarwal*1Mehak Bhat2, Garima Khanna2, Navleen Kaur Sidhu2, Palak Jhamb2, Gurpreet Singh3
Alzheimer’s is a neurodegenerative disorder of brain and a very common form of dementia. Due to damage to the cortical and subcortical areas of brain there is disturbance of multiple functions like memory, thinking, judgement and orientation. Alzheimer disease is an irreversible progressive disorder which is caused by the formation of the neurofibrillary tangles of tau proteins and amyloid-ß plaques. The excessive deposition of β-amyloid peptides and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles of tau protein cause damage to the DNA and RNA. One of the clearly identified genetic factors involved in the Alzheimer disease is Apo lipoprotein E. Mutations in amyloid precursor protein, presenilin 1, and presenilin 2 genes have also been identified and are associated with the onset of the early- onset familial Alzheimer disease. AD can be Sporadic AD and Familial AD. There are many other factors that increase the risk for AD, which include family history, hypertension, sleep disorders, obesity, and oxidative stress.
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