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Abstrato

Bacterial Profile, Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns and Associated Factors among Orthopedic Infection Suspected Cases in Selected Health Facilities of Wolaita Sodo, Southern Ethiopia

Teshale Mulugeta, Genet Gebrehiwot, Abera Kumalo*, Ephrem Tsegay and Selam Niguse

Background: Orthopedic infection is related with significant morbidity and mortality. However, the problem is not well investigated in resource constrained settings.

Objectives: This study is aimed at determining bacterial profile, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and identifies associated factors among orthopedic infection.

Methods and materials: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 138 study participants visiting the selected hospitals in Wolaita Sodo from February to May 2019. Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Swabs were also collected and inoculated to blood and MacConkey gar. Bacterial identification was done by colony morphology, gram stain and standard biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were done using Kirby Bauer disk diffusion technique. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS statistical software version 22.

Results: Swabs from 85 (61.6%) participants were culture positive. The prevalence of infection in trauma, surgical site infection, implant and hematogenous sources was 34.8%, 9.4% and 4.3% respectively. From 92 bacteria isolated, 48 (52.2%) were gram positives. Staphylococcus aureus and CoNS were the most frequent isolates among gram positives and while among gram negatives Klebsiella pneumonia 9 (9.8%) and Citrobacter diversus 6(6.5%) were the most frequent. Majority of gram-negatives showed resistance to the tested antibiotics. All the independent variables were not significantly associated with orthopedic infections.

Conclusion and recommendation: The most commonly isolated bacteria were S. aureus, CoNS and K. pneumonia. Efforts should be strengthened to minimize orthopedic infection due to S. aureus, CoNS and K. Pneumonia and further similar study is required.