Glenn Azouvi*
Acute neurologic illness has a high mortality and neurologic disability risk for children. Cerebral hypoxia, hypoperfusion, and edema frequently exacerbate severe traumatic brain injury, cardiac arrest, stroke, and central nervous system infection, resulting in additional neurologic damage and worse outcomes. The management of these conditions places an emphasis on close physiologic monitoring and supportive care due to the lack of targeted neuroprotective therapies. In this review, we will focus on the physiologic concepts behind each tool and discuss advanced neurologic monitoring strategies for pediatric acute neurologic illness. New monitoring methods and the use of neurologic monitoring in critically ill patients at risk of neurologic sequelae will also be highlighted in this article.
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